Additionally, in the following there may be slight grammatical errors, as this article was written by a German tax expert. This does not detract from the quality of information.

Sanierung, Modernisierung or Renovierung? Why?

Further down we explain all the details about things you have to know about renovating or refurbsihing your house or property in Germany. But first, we look at what the terms which you will often hear in the German real estate market even mean. So, what does Sanierung mean?

What is a “Sanierung”?

A Sanierung is an improvement on fundamental issues or problems which make living in a building difficult or very uncomfortable.

In German, there are multiple words for what in other countries may all fall under the term renovation. There are three types of these. First, a Sanierung, which is a very fundamental improvement and update to all things in the house, this means e.g. old sinks may be replaced. The translation of Sanierung is refurbishment. In general this is more effort than just a renovation, as a real issue is fixed. A renovierung is the second type. Here, more aesthetic things like the colour of the walls will be redone. Lastly, a “Modernisierung”. This is, as the word implies, when current state of utilities, walls, etc. are made more modern.

Sanierung is a renovation which fundamentally removes problems in your apartment, house, etc.

This article is part of our guide on German real estate and tax optimization. Learn more here:

• Save Money – Tax Optimization with Property Investments

Sanierung as Effective Increase in Value of your Property

The renovation not only provides a modern look, it also saves energy and thus increases the value of the house. For economic reasons, renovation often makes sense. This is also true if you do not want to sell the house and hope to get a higher sales price by the renovation. Because by the so-called energy renovation you can reduce your additional costs significantly, so that the investment pays off in the long run.

Risk of Damage Decreases: Selling Price Increases

In addition, the premiums for residential building insurance for refurbished houses are significantly lower than for properties without core refurbishment. This is due to the fact that the risk of damage is significantly reduced, so that in many cases more than half of the insurance costs can be saved. If you would like to sell your house and are not sure whether renovation is appropriate, you are welcome to contact us.

Holistic Refurbishment: One-time Expense

When renovating a house, it should always be considered as a whole. Because only extensive renovation leads to better living quality and lower energy costs. For buildings in desolate condition, a core renovation is necessary. In addition, under certain circumstances a roof renovation can become due. This is the only way to create the optimal basis for a renovation. Afterwards, a tight building envelope is produced, which, due to good insulation, ensures that the heating remains in the house.

This also includes the installation of a new heating system, which at least partially uses renewable energies. Multiple glazed windows with good insulation also contribute to a better energy balance.

Modernization and value enhancement at a glance:

• Increase in value through modern appearance
• Energy efficiency and economy
• Higher living quality
• Reduction of additional costs
• Higher selling price

Core Renovation & Roof Renovation

Before you start with the renovation, you should have an expert determine which measures are necessary for your house. Once you have identified the weak points, you can start planning.

Core and roof renovation is by no means necessary for all buildings. However, if you buy a old building, it can happen that you are suddenly faced with this task.

All electrical and water pipes are replaced as part of the core renovation. In many cases, this also includes the complete roof covering. The condition of walls, ceilings, floors, windows and doors is checked extensively. If necessary, these are also renovated. Existing rooms are not destroyed, however. No walls are torn down.

The core of the building remains intact. If inner walls are torn down so that only the outer walls are preserved, this is called gutting.

Property Under Monument Protection

Germany is known for its strict laws protecting monument and historic status of buildings. Special caution is required for buildings that are under monumental protection. In this case, you must contact the responsible office for monument protection and ask for the conditions for core renovation.

Various funding options are available for core renovations, so you can save a lot of money. For example, you can deduct the costs for the craftsmen from your tax return and recoup up to 20 percent of the expenses.

20% craftsmen costs are reimbursed in your tax return

However, the maximum amount for a refund is 1,200 euros. In addition, there is the possibility to take advantage of one of the many support programs for the renovation of old buildings. However, you will usually only be able to benefit from these programs if you decide to carry out an energy-efficient renovation.

The subsidy programs differ from region to region and therefore vary greatly. A certified energy consultant can advise you in this regard and help you find the right program for you.

Maintenance Reserve According to Calculation Regulation

Reading Tip! In our formula collection you will find many more important formulas for the calculation of reserves, yield & Co. calculations and examples for buying, selling and renting. Rent or purchase price multiplier, gross yield, return on equity, property yield, reserves for repairs and much more.

There are too many small hidden costs when buying real estate in Germany to remember. Our guide:

• Hidden Costs when Investing in German Real Estate

Peter’s formula

The Peter’s formula assumes a useful life of 80 years.

The formula means that in a certain time 150% of the pure production costs (building costs without costs of paying for property, development, architect, etc.) for maintenance and reorganization will come up again.

For a House
80 years useful life
150% of production costs for renovation, maintenance

For condominiums in multi-family houses, the assumption is 100%. Distributed to 65% for work on common property and another 35% for work on special property.

For a Condominium
80 years useful life
100% of the manufacturing costs

Reserves Formation

If you calculate further exemplary with an object, whose production costs are 4,500 Euro per square meter, then this results in a monthly reserve of 7.05 Euro per square meter.

Reserve: house
Production costs: 4.500 € / m²
Monthly reserve: 7,05 € / m²

For condominiums, this results in a somewhat lower reserve of 4.50 euros per square meter for the owners’ association.

Reserve: condominium
Production costs: 4.500 € / m²
Monthly reserve: 7,05 € / m²

Tip! These are divided into the aforementioned 65% for work on common property and another 35% for work on special property.

• Reserve for owners’ association: 4.65 / m²
• Reserve apartment owner: 2,40 € / m²

These costs cannot be passed on to the tenant.

Annual reserve according to § 28, paragraph 2

Also the second calculation regulation supplies in § 28, paragraph 2 reference points over the appropriate height of an appropriate maintenance reserve. These cost estimates are significantly lower than those according to the Peter’s formula, but are graduated according to the age of the building (based on production costs of 4,500 euros per square meter):

• Residential buildings which are up to 22 years old = 21,30 € / m² living space
• Residential buildings which are up to 32 years old = 27,00 € / m² living space
• Residential building over 32 years = 34,50 € / m² living space
• Building with elevator + 3,00 € / m²

Energy Renovation: Low Energy Consumption

Energy-efficient refurbishment is the repair of a building with the aim of ensuring the lowest possible energy consumption. If you do an energy update, you save heating costs, contribute to climate protection and can look forward to more living comfort.

This makes sense not only if you want to live in the house yourself, but also if you plan to sell your house.

More and more people are looking for sustainable and energy-saving houses. So you increase your chances on the housing market with an energy-efficient renovation. An important component of energy-efficient renovation is the effective and complete insulation of the building envelope. A continuous airtightness is the top priority here.

Outer Building: Outer Walls, Roof, Front Door, Windows & Co.

The building envelope includes not only the exterior walls, but also the roof, front door, windows and basement ceiling. All these parts shield the living space from the cold outside air. Poor thermal insulation of the building envelope has a catastrophic effect on the energy consumption of the house.

Up to – 50% reduction in energy demand = running costs

In many cases, the need can be reduced by more than 50% by means of an appropriate renovation.

Insulation: Mineral Fibers, Natural Insulating Materials & Co.

Various materials are used for insulation, such as mineral fibers or natural insulating materials, for example cellulose, hemp or cork. The higher the insulation thickness, the more energy can be saved. Leaks and thermal bridges must be avoided at all costs.

An airtight building envelope provides the best savings. With a modern heating system, which is largely powered by renewable energies, you can reduce the ecological footprint of your house and thus contribute to climate protection. At the same time, you can save energy with a new heating system, because most oil and gas heating systems are outdated and have poor efficiencies. Therefore a lot of heating energy is wasted.

Even if you choose a classic heating system that runs on fossil fuels, you may be able to save a lot of money.

Future-Oriented Heating Systems: Heat, Pellet & Co.

However, heating systems that use renewable energy are of course more future-oriented. You have a large selection of different systems. For example, there are heating systems that use solar energy or domestic hot water. Geothermal heating systems are also possible. Pellet heating systems are also considered climate-friendly. Which solution you choose depends not only on your preferences, but also on the individual circumstances. An energy consultant will find the optimal solution for you.

Before the “Sanierung”: Energy Consultation

Before you begin with the energy renovation, you should take an energy consultation. Only with the help of an expert can you get the best out of your house. This is due to the complexity of the topic.

A house is always an overall concept that is influenced by many small changes. These should influence each other as positively as possible. Individual renovation actions that are carried out unprofessionally often do not bring the desired effect or even lead to unexpected additional costs.

Certified Energy Consultants

In order to avoid this problem, let a certified energy consultant help you best. In Germany, these are certified and highly specialized professionals. These experts investigate the condition of the building and develops then together with you a concept for a meaningful and goal-prominent energy counselling.

He not only inspects the building, but also takes your needs into consideration and of course includes the budget in the planning.

In addition, he can point out possibilities to you that you did not even know existed before. If you are looking for a good energy consultant, you can for example contact the chamber of architects of your federal state or search the internet for a suitable expert.

State Subsidies

The German state encourages green energy, and therefore subsidizes it. Just like the energy renovation itself, the costs for the energy consultant can also be supported by subsidies. The Federal Office of Economics and Export Control subsidizes the energy consulting for single and two-family houses as well as for residential units.

• State subsidies – official site of the federal office (in German)

Redevelopment of Old Building

Renovating old buildings – Old buildings are very popular because of their unique structure. Large rooms with high windows and old wooden doors, which may creak a little when opening and closing, stand for a traditional way of life. Many of the buildings are more than one hundred years old. A renovation can give the apartments a new shine. If extensive work is planned both on the façade and the interior, it is advisable to relocate tenants in advance.

For a complete refurbishment, the move-out of tenants is even compulsory. The same applies to owners who, with the support of the owners’ association, have agreed on a renovation in a majority resolution. However, owners who have acquired a property for the first time also like to strive for a renovation of an old building with subsequent new letting. There is a good chance that the renovated apartments will enjoy great popularity in all regions of Germany and will subsequently be rented out at short notice.

Heating System

The topic of heating is not only interesting for building owners, but also for property owners. Heaters are not only necessary in a real estate, but also legally required. What types of heating are there, how do they have to be maintained and are there legal subsidies for the construction of certain types of heating or do the costs have to be paid completely by the owner?

• The whole guide: Heating

Solar heat: Solar Energy

Solar thermal is the process by which solar energy is converted into usable heat. In residential properties, the heat produced is usually used to heat water or for heating. Depending on the location and conditions of the property, this system can completely replace the previously used heating system.

State subsidy of 2,000 euros

Gas Heating: heating with natural gas, liquid gas or biogas

Gas heating is probably the most widespread type of heating in Germany and rightly so, because the system offers many advantages. Modern technology, efficiency and inexpensive offers characterize the gas heating. In addition, they are easy to combine with renewable energies, save space and can be easily installed during modernization and renovation.

Oil Heating: Heating with fuel oil or bio fuel oil

Oil heatings are after gas heatings the probably most frequently occurring systems in Germany. The function mode is simple and works for decades in the same way. The fuel fuel oil is pumped over an oil pipe to the heating system where it is sprayed and burned. The heat that is generated during this process is used to heat up the heating water and thus to heat the house. Most of these components can be found in the boiler, which now takes up little more than one square meter of space and can even be hung on the wall, depending on the model.

Pellet Heating: Ovens with pressed wood residues

A modern pellet heating system is known for low fuel costs as well as for environmentally friendly heating and is therefore one step ahead of conventional gas and oil heating systems. Also the function mode is relatively simple. The wood pellets are periodically delivered to the combustion chamber by means of a feeder, so the correct filling is fully automatic. The heat generated by burning the pellets is used in a separate boiler to heat the water. Thus, both the heating can be operated and the hot water can be produced.

Rental: Laws, Taxes & Tenants

Renting a property can be a great extra income, but it can also become your main job. Landlords have many duties towards the tenant and have to take care of the property. However, if this is successful, a lot of profit can result. We will explain how you can best let your property and how to find the right tenant for you.

There is so much to learn!

The Right Tenants, Suitable Lease & Co.

How do I set the rental price correctly? How does my advertisement appear attractive? And how do I draw up a suitable and fair rental contract? A future landlord asks himself all these questions, because in order to successfuly rent out a property, a lot of knowledge and experience is required. But if you follow a few simple steps, you will make the leap to a successful landlord and profit from the earnings.

In addition come: Landlords have many duties and tasks, among these are for example the organization when changing tenants or the annual preparation of a service charge statement for the tenant. The rent can be set with the help of the local rent index, but it must always be considered whether the region concerned has a rent brake or not. The rental agreement should be fair for both tenant and landlord and should regulate all important points. When choosing the right tenant, it is not only the sympathy effect that counts, but also other important factors, such as creditworthiness – learn everything you need to know about renting your property in our article.

The correct tenants, suitable lease & Co. read on here:

• Leasing out House & Apartment.

Conclusion: Renovate Property

A core renovation brings your property up to date and increases its value at the same time. It increases the comfort of living and in most cases also reduces the energy consumption of the house. As a result, energy costs and the C0² emissions of the house can be reduced. Since in the long run a change to non-fossil fuels from heating systems is inevitable, you can also equip your house for the future. In order to carry out a renovation as effectively as possible, it is essential to seek the advice of an energy expert.

Thinking about buying a house? These are the best methods to save money on your investment

• Saving Money – Tax Optimization on German Real Estate

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Legitimate Interest Overview: Access to protected data

• Access to individual data on specific persons and/or properties
• Any person claiming a legitimate interest shall be entitled to inspect the documents
• Serves, for example, the heirs to get an overview of the bequeathed properties.

Back to the wiki: Real Estate

Der Beitrag Legitimate interest in certain data in the land register erschien zuerst auf ℄ Real Estates.

Photovoltaic system in 8 simple steps

Step by step – There are numerous solar calculators on the Internet that can be used to determine the approximate size of the photovoltaic system. This should help customers to estimate how large the system must be and how high the costs will be. However, many of these calculators do not take important factors into account, which is why property owners only receive inaccurate information. With our eight steps, you can calculate the individual size of the photovoltaic system you need for your home yourself. We take all factors into account and you can get a detailed picture of your investment.

Step 1 – Energy consumption per year

The primary goal of a photovoltaic system is to produce the required energy for your household without having to access the public grid. The size of your individual photovoltaic system is therefore first and foremost related to your personal energy consumption. How much electrical energy do you consume per year? You can answer this question yourself with your last electricity bill.

So the first step is to calculate your average electricity consumption in kilowatt hours (kWh) over the last 5 years (j). How has the price per kilowatt hour and the average electricity consumption changed? When calculating, you should also take into account future purchases, such as a heat pump or an electric car, i.e. everything that also consumes electricity and influences your overall consumption.

Example:
Family A has an average energy consumption over the last five years of 5,000 kWh. The acquisition of a photovoltaic system should be able to cover the majority of this energy.

Formula:
Your personal electricity consumption per year (SV)=______ kWh / j

Step 2 – Energy production of the photovoltaic system

In order for the photovoltaic system to cover your own consumption, it should supply at least 25 percent more energy than you consume over the year. The 25 percent is an empirical value that people like to calculate with. Excess energy can be ‘stored′ in a storage tank or you can feed it into the public grid. The self-consumption covered by solar energy is the part that you later no longer have to buy from energy companies, but simply produce yourself. The optimal amount of electricity production for your photovoltaic system is therefore 125 %.

Example:
Family A, which has an average energy consumption of 5,000 kWh, now calculates further with this value. Their optimal electricity production quantity is therefore 125 % x 5000 kWh = 6250 kWh

Formula:
Optimal amount of electricity produced by the photovoltaic system = 125 % x SV

Step 3 – the regional energy yield

Even if the sun does not shine 365 days a year in Germany, a photovoltaic system is still worthwhile. The prejudice that a photovoltaic system only pays off in southern countries can therefore be refuted, as global radiation averages 1,100 kilowatt hours per square metre (kWh/a) per year. The advanced technology also allows good cooling and self-cleaning of the systems, which reinforces their effectiveness.

The regional energy yield (RE) for your photovoltaic system is composed of the unit kilowatt hours per kilowatt peak and per year (kWh / (kWp x a)) and varies depending on the region. So that you can inform yourself about your region, we give here a small overview of the average kWh/m² for the individual federal states:

• Baden-Wuerttemberg: 1050-1175 kWh/m²
• Bavaria: 975-1175 kWh/m²
• Berlin / Brandenburg: 975-1050 kWh/m²
• Hesse: 975-1100 kWh/m²
• Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: 1000-1050 kWh/m²
• Hamburg, Bremen, Lower Saxony: 950-1025 kWh/m²
• North Rhine-Westphalia: 950-1025 kWh/m²
• Rhineland-Palatinate: 975-1125 kWh/m²
• Saarland: 1050-1100 kWh/m²
• Saxony: 975-1100 kWh/m²
• Saxony-Anhalt: 975-1050 kWh/m²
• Schleswig-Holstein: 950-1025 kWh/m²
• Thuringia: 975-1050 kWh/m²

Example:
Family A lives in North Rhine-Westphalia. This federal state has an average regional energy yield of: RE = 950-1025 kWh/m².

Formula:
Your regional energy amount RE = ___________ kWh/(kWp x a)

Step 4 – the conditions of the roof

The conditions of the roof play a major role in photovoltaic systems. The roof orientation, roof pitch and shading should be taken into account when choosing your solar cells. However, the preconceived notion that only south-facing modules deliver economic yields has been disproved in recent years and it has been shown that east, west and even north-facing roofs can also deliver reasonable yields. Depending on the roof pitch and orientation according to the points of the compass, a deviation value is therefore produced. You can easily find out this composition of values for your region.

Example:
Family A has a roof that has a pitch of 30 degrees. In addition, it deviates by 40 degrees from the south. The deviation value for family A is therefore AW = 97.5 %.

Formula:
The deviation value of your property: AW= _______%

Step 5 – Avoid module shading

The location of the solar cells should be carefully considered. Shading can significantly reduce the performance of your system. This can already include general things such as the shadow of a tree, a neighbouring house, a chimney or an antenna. If such causes cast a shadow on the plant, the performance of all modules of a power string is reduced. However, pay attention to when the shadow hits your house. Since most energy is generated in the months between March and October, a shadow that hits the property only in winter is therefore less of a hindrance to performance than a shadow that hits the modules in the summer months. Depending on the type of shade, a 1-5 percent discount should be included in the calculation to account for lower power production.

Step 6 – Adjust regional energy yield

If your roof is not optimally located, so that the deviation value is not 100 percent, the deviation must be included in the regional energy yield. This is because a non-optimal roof reduces the yield somewhat.

Example:
Family A has a deviation value of 97.5 %, which must now be adjusted to the regional energy yield of North Rhine-Westphalia. Family A therefore calculates for their property: 97.5 % x 950 kWh/ (kWp x a) = 926.2 kWh/ (kWp x a)

Formula:
Personal regional energy yield (PE) = deviation value (AW) x regional energy yield (RE) = ______kWh/ (kWp x a)

Step 7 – the size of your individual photovoltaic system

With all the values you have found out, you can now determine the size of your individual photovoltaic system. For this we need the unit from step 2, i.e. your optimal electricity production quantity of the photovoltaic system and the calculated personal energy yield. If you have a larger roof area, the construction of a larger system can be considered. Planning a build? See our construction guide. Please refer to our guide on the subject of solar energy.

Example:
Family A now calculates the size that your photovoltaic system must have at least. You calculate for this: 6,250 (kWh/a) / 926 (kWh/(kWp x a)) = 6.74 kWp. Your system can therefore have a size of 6.74 kWp.

Formula:
Size of photovoltaic (PV) system = electricity production / personal energy yield [PE] = _________ kWp

Step 8 – the required roof area

The last step is to calculate the required roof area. Now that you know what the minimum size of the photovoltaic system must be to cover your energy consumption, you only need to find out how much roof area you need to install the system. A typical photovoltaic module measures 1.67 m x 1 m (= 1.67 m²) and thus has an output of 300 Wp. To now calculate the roof area, we need a factor of 7 m²/ kWp, where certain open spaces have already been taken into account.

Example:
Family A has now reached the last step of the calculation. So you calculate: 6.74 kWp x 7 (m²/ kWp) = 47.25 m². Family A therefore needs 47.25 m² of their roof surface to install a photovoltaic system to cover their energy consumption.

Formula:
The required roof area (DF) = size of the photovoltaic (PV) system x 7 (m²/ kWp)

Der Beitrag Solar system calculator: Calculate your individual solar system / photovoltaic system yourself erschien zuerst auf ℄ Real Estates.

Photovoltaic systems and the advantages for you

The purchase of a solar system for your own home is not only worthwhile for tax saving reasons. Such a system also brings other advantages with it. But many questions are still open for inexperienced. What about the costs? Is there a financing? How is the system installed? Can I really produce my entire electricity only by a solar plant? And what exactly is a photovoltaic system? We will take care of all these questions today and show you the world of solar systems and how you can use the green energy for yourself. Are you also interested in an energy saving house to do even more for the environment? Learn more about the topic here: ‘Energy Saving House – Energy Efficient Home’.

The starting position for private individuals – what is there to consider?

By purchasing a photovoltaic system, the private person becomes an entrepreneur faster than most people realize. But why actually? This is quite simple to explain, because a photovoltaic system usually produces more electricity than a single household of the private person can consume. So more electricity is produced than can be used and the surplus electricity ends up in the public grid. For this electricity, which is fed into the grid by the private individual, he receives a payment, since the electricity cannot simply be given away. This is an amount of about 10 to 12 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh). And exactly here lies the problem, because who trades with river and by the sales money obtains, operates a trade, even if this happens quasi automatically. So the private person becomes an entrepreneur and that brings some disadvantages, especially in tax and bureaucratic consequences. For most private individuals it is already too complicated here, because it is made really difficult for them. Fortunately there is however an alternative, which can be used by private individuals, in order to save taxes and to escape these complicated formalities. Only if the private person uses the photovoltaic system almost exclusively for self-supply and does not make a profit with it, it is his private matter and he is not considered an entrepreneur. The tax office is therefore left out of the picture. It is advisable for private individuals to install a solar system that is only large enough to produce enough electricity for their own household. Difficulties are thus avoided and you can still do something for the environment and your conscience.

Photovoltaic system – how does the system on the roof work?

Simply put, a photovoltaic system converts light power into electrical power and provides the electricity for consumption. If you go deeper into the matter, you talk about efficiency, because the better the efficiency, the more energy the system converts. The current that flows here is the electrons. They hit the photovoltaic system with the energy of the light and the higher the efficiency, the better the electrons of the light energy can flow. The better they flow, the more light energy is converted into electrical energy and can be used by the end user. Actually explained relatively simple, in practice there are of course still some technical challenges around which the end user but fortunately does not have to worry.

The costs – a photovoltaic system for power generation and when it really pays off

The following things are needed for a solar installation: The solar panels, the substructure, the inverter and the wiring. The costs are also made up of these things. In addition, there are the costs for the installation or the labor. Private households usually get a smaller system, because they only want to cover their electricity production. These are usually a little more expensive than installing a larger system. The output for such small systems is usually around five to eight kilowatts maximum output. For such a plant a roof area of approx. 40 to 70 square meters is needed. The costs for such an example amount to between 8,500 and 13,000 euros. Such plants have a life span of approx. 20 years or longer. Such a system is really worthwhile if the electricity is used for self-consumption. Over such a period, an enormous amount of electricity costs can be saved. In addition, an energy storage system can be installed, which stores energy and makes it available later. In addition, you also have other advantages such as no dependence on energy companies and you do something good for the environment by using green electricity.

Install a photovoltaic system without a tax office

Especially private individuals do not want to burden themselves with the tasks that the stand as an entrepreneur brings with it. In order to still be able to install a solar system, they must be able to prove that the photovoltaic system is not being built for the purpose of later generating revenue. A private person, which installs thus a small Photovoltaikanlage on its real estate around the river even to use and thus no intentions on profit has + additionally the conditions to the small entrepreneur fulfills, does not have to become active once with the tax office. For safety’s sake, however, it is advisable to draw up a long-term plan in which the costs and the income or the amount of electricity produced and the amount of electricity used are listed. This way you are on the safe side. You do not have to pay taxes on it, because you use the electricity without the intention of making a profit.

Funding opportunities for photovoltaic systems – how you can finance your solar system

Especially for private individuals, the question quickly arises as to how such a project should be realized. Often the necessary money is missing. However, since this is something that has a positive impact on the environment, there are funding opportunities for private individuals who are interested in building a photovoltaic system. The Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, for example, offers low-interest loans that private individuals can take advantage of. How much you are subsidized depends on the plant itself but also on your house. Size and type of system and new construction or renovation are arguments that can influence the interest rate. For detailed advice on your individual project, contact an advisor or specialist company in your area, who can inform you about all the funding options for such systems.

Checklist: What is needed to generate electricity with photovoltaics?

To install a photovoltaic system some things are needed. Specialist companies that install such systems can advise you individually in advance and help you with the exact decisions. However, some things are fundamentally necessary to install the solar system. The materials that are needed to install a photovoltaic system on your property are:

• Solar panels/ solar modules
• Memory battery
• Appropriate cabling
• Inverter
• Electricity meter
• Substructure for the roof

Der Beitrag Solar energy – Is a solar system on the house worthwhile? erschien zuerst auf ℄ Real Estates.

Legal regulations – heating, insulation and solar energy

Of course, when it comes to saving energy and especially energy-efficient houses, there are some legal regulations. It is now even mandatory to build energy efficient. But what exactly does that mean? This includes two important points in particular. The correct and contemporary insulation of the house but also the correct heating of the house. At first it sounds more difficult than it is, because an energy-saving house not only helps the environment, but also your wallet in the end.

Heating and hot water – this must be considered when building an energy-saving house

Heating and hot water play a crucial role in energy efficiency, as both consume the majority of energy in the home. Today, gas and oil heating systems are very efficient, but it is unclear how prices and security of supply for these energy sources will develop in the future.

So what are the alternatives? Probably the simplest is the energy of the sun, which is almost free. You catch it through large south-facing windows and can use complementary heat pumps, solar thermal and pellet boilers to do the rest. Your house will not only be heated in an energy-saving way, but you will also do something good for the environment and reduce your costs.

Thermal insulation – the most important thing on the way to an energy-saving house

The technology of thermal insulation is constantly being improved and changed. For example, today’s double-glazed windows have a 50-60 percent higher insulating effect than windows from the seventies. But what types of insulation are modern?

Nowadays, the exterior surfaces of the house and the roof also have insulation against heat loss through improved insulation. Insulation materials such as polystyrene insulation boards and wood fibre insulation materials are used for this purpose, which reduce energy loss enormously. Anyone who skimps on insulation when building their house will lose out on funding opportunities under the current Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV 2009) or have to pay a fine. But also house owners, must invest afterwards again and again into the insulation of their real estate. However, it does not remain with the insulation of the outer surfaces and the roof. All pipes for heating and hot water should also receive insulation, which is ensured by insulating hoses. But if you don’t want to do without anything, the roller shutter boxes should also be insulated, as this is a spot that is often neglected. A small effort, but also reduces energy consumption.

https://www.instagram.com/p/BnNy7IynVpW/?tagged=energiesparhaus

Energy-saving house – the various models and their differences

Due to the current Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV 2009), when building a house, the question is no longer about an energy-saving house or a normal house, but how much energy you want to save in your new house. This is not only important for the later costs for energy but also for the financing of the house needed in advance. Our mortgage comparison covers all options. So you should inform yourself about the different models of the energy saving house in advance.

The KfW Efficiency House – features, differences and legal standards

The term KfW Efficiency House is primarily to be understood as a quality term for particularly economical energy-saving houses. In addition to this function, it is also important for the financial support from the KfW development bank. This model is divided into 3 different standards that indicate how energy efficient the house really is and how far the house falls below the specifications of the current Energy Saving Ordinance. The KfW efficiency house standards 40, 55 and 70 show: The smaller the number, the better the energy efficiency of the house and the higher the subsidy from the KfW development bank.

However, the KfW 40 efficiency house standard prescribes even more standards: It must consume 60 percent less energy than a comparable new building according to the KfW 100 standard. In addition, no wood may be used in the construction of the windows; instead, triple-glazed windows made of PVC-5 must be used. The house must be airtight and use renewable energies.

The passive house – insulation is the be-all and end-all

A passive house is not a specific type of building. The designation passive house simply shows that the house has such good thermal insulation that it does not require classic heating. It therefore has passive heat recovery combined with a ventilation system. The aim is to keep heat loss through transmission or ventilation as low as possible. The insulation is particularly good in areas such as the roof, the building envelope, windows and also in the basement and is therefore impermeable to air. Fresh air is provided by the ventilation system, which can also heat it at the same time using the energy of the exhaust air.

When planning a passive house, more than any other, care must be taken to ensure that the insulation is good and that there are no leaks. Triple glazed windows, must be and these are best oriented to the south. Glass fronts or surfaces that face east or west can quickly lead to the undesirable incubator effect in summer. By the missing heating you save enormously at costs and do also the environment a pleases. The passive house offers not only a constant temperature in the house, but also a very compact building services. Unfortunately, the construction of such a house is very time-consuming and therefore more costly.

The PlusEnergy house – energy producer and ideal case

The PlusEnergyHouse definitely lives up to its name. It is a veritable mini power plant and combines the techniques of passive and zero-energy houses. It produces more energy in the summer over the year than it can consume. How can something like this work and why aren’t all houses PlusEnergy houses yet?

The PlusEnergy house combines the techniques of good insulation, a modern heating system and a disproportionately large photovoltaic system. This combination ensures that the house covers its own needs and still has other energy available, which it can use freely, for example, to feed electricity into the local supply network. The owner even receives a small additional income for the fact that his house produces energy. Ecologically, this house is the optimal case, not only for its owner, but also for the environment. But what exactly is a disproportionately designed photovoltaic system and what exactly does it do? This question is quite easy to answer, because a photovoltaic system is nothing more than a solar system. So, it uses the solar energy to generate electricity and supply the house with it. However, due to the good insulation and the modern heating system, the house does not need as much solar energy as the photovoltaic system supplies and therefore Storm is left over.

Der Beitrag Energy-saving houses – everything you need to know about energy efficiency in your own home erschien zuerst auf ℄ Real Estates.