First of all: Why is 110% or full financing worthwhile?

As an investor, you prefer to take out a real estate loan and pay it back over a long period (approx. 35 years). This has advantages: you need less equity, so you can “invest more money” (because you don’t need any). This allows you to generate more rental income. Yes, there is interest, but there is also inflation. This devaluation of money ensures that loan installments actually become “cheaper”. Learn more here: Real estate as an investment Advantages.

That’s why it’s worth calculating the 3 scenarios!

Full financing of a property: Costs

Example of full financing: Assuming the purchase price of the property is EUR 240,000 and no equity is contributed:

• Purchase price of the property: 240,000 euros
• Equity: 0 Euro
• Loan amount: 240,000 euros

Conditions of the loan:

• Interest rate (effective): 2.5% – depending on the bank / credit rating, the interest rate for full financing may be higher, by 0.05 to 0.1 %
• Term: 20 years
• Monthly installment: 1,218.75 euros

Financing at 110% of the purchase price: Costs

Example of 110% financing – In this scenario, 10% of the purchase price is financed in addition to the purchase price for ancillary costs and reserves:

• Purchase price of the property: 240,000 euros
• Equity: 0 Euro
• Loan amount (including 10% ancillary costs): 264,000 euros

Conditions of the loan:

• Interest rate (effective): 2.5% – depending on the bank / credit rating, the interest rate for full financing may be higher, by 0.05 to 0.1 %
• Term: 20 years
• Monthly installment: 1,345.00 euros

Financing with equity: Costs

Example with equity – Assume you contribute 20% of the purchase price as equity:

• Purchase price of the property: 240,000 euros
• Equity capital: 48,000 euros
• Loan amount: 192,000 euros

Conditions of the loan:

• Interest rate (effective): 2.5%
• Term: 20 years
• Monthly installment: 975.00 euros

How to finance a house and condominium?

Choosing the right financing option is crucial to the long-term success of your property purchase. Full financing allows you to buy without equity, but leads to higher monthly installments and overall higher total costs due to interest. Financing with a higher loan amount, for example 110% of the purchase price, can cover the additional costs, but further increases the monthly burden.

Bringing in equity makes it possible to lower the monthly installments and reduce the overall costs, as the loan amount is smaller. This also allows for a better interest rate as the risk for the bank is lower. However, it is advisable to retain a certain amount of equity for unforeseen expenses or repairs.

Ultimately, the best financing option depends on your individual financial situation and your long-term goals. It is advisable to plan carefully, think through different scenarios and seek advice from a financial expert if necessary to make the right decision.

Favorable financing for house & condominium?

Make life easy for yourself and prepare for your house or apartment purchase at an early stage. Step 1 is always to clarify the financing. Put simply:

How much house can you afford? How much apartment can you afford?

Step 1: Clarify financing before buying

Let’s start with the financing.

Learn more here:

• Real estate financing
• Equity
• Plan financing / self-disclosure
• Obtain a financing offer

Tip! Construction financing in comparison

Good providers, good conditions, good investment. Compare different providers and their current interest rates and conditions online and free of charge:

• Construction financing comparison

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Usable space, living space and floor space: what is the difference?

Let’s start very simply. You will encounter these values in exposés, in advertisements, in every real estate search. That’s why it’s important to know the difference.

3 Surfaces you will often encounter:

1. Footprint
2. Useful area
3. Living space

The order is chosen specially. Because as you can see here, you come from the 1) floor space to the 2) usable space to the final 3) living space.

Tip. At the end of the article you will also find extra infographics, for clarification

Since there is still a simple “formula” for calculation on the Internet, here in quite simply explained.

Simply expressed as a “formula”:

• Floor area = usable area + circulation area (such as staircase) + functional area (such as boiler room)
• Usable area = Usable area (living area – basement – attic – …)
• Living space = living space (living room + bedroom + …)

Calculate step by step

Let’s look at the process again step by step:

Footprint: Step 1 + Definition

That is, the 1) floor area includes the entire usable area, as well as corridors and staircases (circulation area), and garbage or boiler room (functional area).

This includes all floor areas:

• Living space
• Attic, basement, garages and balconies
• Staircase, corridors, … (so-called traffic area)
• Garbage room, boiler room, … (so-called functional area)

This does not include:

• Plot

Calculate:

Floor area = usable area + circulation area (such as staircase) + functional area (such as boiler room)

Infographic:

Example: All built-up areas, covered areas and upper floors.

Usable area: Step 2 + Definition

After the floor area, consider the 2) usable area, that is, what can really be used in the house or apartment building (for condominiums).

These include, for example:

• Attic
• Basement
• Garages
• Storage rooms (outside the living space)
• Balconies

This no longer includes:

• Staircase, corridors, … (so-called traffic area)
• Garbage room, boiler room, … (so-called functional area)

Calculate:

Usable area = Usable area (living space, basement, attic, …)

Infographic:

Example: Staircase is part of the usable space.

Living space: step 3 + definition

Only then you come to the 3) living space. The living space then indicates the actual habitable space of the property.

Typically only includes:

• Living rooms (bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, living room, etc.)
• Balconies, loggias, terraces and roof gardens are counted at 25%, at most at 50% (§4 WoFlV)

Calculate:

Living space = living space (living room + bedroom + …)

Now you know the difference.

Infographic:

Example: Living room of a condominium.

Summary: Technical terms as infographics

Once again quickly summarized, the areas, simplified summary with infographic.

1. Total area (use + traffic + function)
   1. Traffic area (staircase, corridors in the house)
   2. Functional area (boiler room, garbage room, etc.)
2. Usable area (everything except traffic area / functional area)
3. Living space (usable space that is not occupied, example: cellar)

Total area / floor space in the house

Use + traffic + function give the total area.

Usable area in the house

Everything except traffic area / functional area results in the usable area.

Living space in the house

Usable space that is not occupied, example: basement, is called living space.

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Equity investment in the purchase of real estate

Whether for personal use or capital investment, equity capital is required for every real estate purchase. Especially when buying your first property, the amount of equity you need to contribute is important. If you are buying a property for your own use, you should contribute as much equity as possible. If you are investing in a property as a capital investment, less is more.

As a basic rule:

• Self-interest = As much equity as possible
• Capital investment = As little equity as possible

Why is that?

Equity as a safety mechanism

In order for the bank to give you a loan for your property, it needs a certain security to get this money back in full later. That is why your creditworthiness is checked in advance. The more liquid your finances are, the less equity is necessary. However, if your expenses outweigh your income, you will need more equity. Once you have received your loan, you pay it back monthly through repayments.

The better your credit rating, the less equity you have

Important: As an owner-occupant, you have to pay back the interest on your loan yourself. Investors, on the other hand, can deduct them from their taxes.

Self-interest: This is how much equity you need

So as an owner-occupier, you need to put in as much equity as possible. In addition, the higher the equity, the lower the interest burden. Because the more equity you bring in, the less risk there is for the financing bank and the lower the interest rates are calculated.

As a general rule: 20% equity for owner-occupiers

Monthly Costs & Income

So how much should you earn each month? Our tip: The monthly cost of your loan should not exceed 40% of your net income.

Here is a calculation example:

• Income (net): 3,000 euros
• 40% = 1.300 Euro

So the monthly repayment including interest should not exceed the 1,300 euros.

Capital investment: This is how little equity you need

While you need as much equity capital as possible for owner-occupation, as an investor you enjoy the advantage of having to contribute far less equity capital. In addition, you can deduct the interest from your taxes. Ideally, even the tenant indirectly pays your interest. As a buyer of a property as an investment, your equity covers only 10-15% of the costs.

These include:

• Incidental purchase costs
• Real estate transfer tax
• Notary fees
• Court costs
• Brokerage costs

Rolling equity: Fast investments

Our pro tip: Make use of your rolling equity. But how does it work? It’s simple: You buy a property and contribute equity. Now this is paid out again through redemption and you can use it directly for your next investment.

Conclusion: This is how much equity you need!

So here is the rule of thumb once again:

• Self-interest = As much equity as possible
• Capital investment = As little equity as possible

In the case of personal use, your equity serves as security for the bank that it will definitely get your money back sooner or later. In principle, the equity you put in should not exceed 40% of your net salary. As an investor, on the other hand, you only need to contribute 10 to 15 percent as equity. The interest is to be borne by the tenant and with the help of rolling equity, you can invest directly in the next property.

You can find more about equity and real estate financing on my new project for real estate buyers (Immobilien-Erfahrung.de):

• Equity (external)

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