Limited tax liability | Lukinski https://lukinski.com Tue, 01 Mar 2022 15:44:57 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.5 Income tax (ESt) simply explained: forms, basic table, wage tax & Co. https://lukinski.com/income-tax-est-simply-explained-forms-basic-table-wage-tax-co/ Mon, 08 Mar 2021 13:55:56 +0000 https://lukinski.de/income-tax-est-simply-explained-forms-basic-table-wage-tax-co/ Income tax – Most legal forms of business are subject to taxation. Depending on the legal form, income tax, corporate income tax, sales tax, trade tax and/or capital gains tax are due by law. Under certain circumstances, it is possible for some companies to be exempt from one or more of these types of tax. How much income tax do I have to pay? How do you calculate income tax? How much income tax do I pay? What do I pay income tax on? An overview! Back to: Taxes.

Income tax (ESt) – tax for natural persons

Income tax – ESt for short – is usually levied on the income of natural persons, according to their ability to pay. Income is understood as the sum of all income earned within the meaning of the Income Tax Act (EStG) minus the sum of all deductions relevant under tax law – such as any allowances. Taxable individuals are divided into self-employed persons, who generally have to pay their income tax themselves, and employees, whose income tax is withheld by their employer in the form of wage tax and paid to the tax office on their behalf.

Other taxes for businesses:

If you want to learn more specifically about taxes for real estate companies, you can learn more here:

Income tax in detail – collection, levy & tax liability

As a joint tax, this tax revenue is divided between the federal, state and local governments. The municipalities receive the rate applicable under federal law – currently 15 percent of wage tax and assessed income tax – while the remainder goes to the federal government and the states in equal shares. Overall, all natural persons are generally liable to income tax and must pay tax on their income derived from self-employed and non-self-employed activities. The basic principles of income tax law are as follows:

  • Net principle
  • Periodicity principle
  • World Income Principle
  • Principle of differentiated rates
  • Ability-based taxation

Individuals resident in Germany are subject to unlimited tax liability; individuals resident abroad who earn income in Germany are subject to limited tax liability.

Allowance for low earners & Deductible business expenses

Natural persons with low income can use an allowance for themselves up to a current amount of 9,168 euros – this applies to both income from self-employment and income from non-self-employment. Entrepreneurs with income tax liability can also declare the following deductible business expenses in order to reduce their profits and, as a result, their taxable income:

  • Rental costs
  • Car costs
  • Personnel costs
  • Depreciation
  • Deductible input tax
  • Sales tax paid
  • Purchases of goods & services
  • Expenses for low-value assets

Which companies are subject to income tax?

Most natural persons are charged with income tax. Therefore, this type of tax is particularly relevant for sole proprietorships (EU) and BGB companies (GbR). In addition, general partnerships (OHG) and limited partnerships (KG) are usually subject to income tax. However, income tax may also be obligatory for a limited liability company (GmbH) or a stock corporation (AG), if applicable.

Partnerships such as the general partnership (OHG) or the limited partnership (KG) are generally not subject to corporation tax or income tax, but the natural persons and legal entities with partner status belonging to them are. The profit generated by the partnership is subject to uniform and separate determination and is allocated directly to the individual partners in accordance with their legal form: Legal entities must charge their profit shares to corporation tax, natural persons to income tax.

  • Partnerships: Natural persons with profit shares

Overview of company law forms

You can find more information about the different legal forms under the following links. Starting with the sole proprietorship and the registered traders… to the various partnerships and corporations… to other companies such as the family foundation – all the essential aspects of formation, liability, tax burden and more explained simply and understandably! First of all, an overview of the individual legal forms of companies:

Taxes in Germany: List

Corporation tax (KSt), income tax (ESt), capital gains tax (KapESt), turnover tax (USt), trade tax (GewSt) – who pays what? In this overview of the different types of taxes / tax forms in Germany, you will find relevant taxes for you as an individual and for your business, depending on which legal form you have chosen. Also, after the tax list: How does the tax cycle work around month-end closing, year-end closing and balance sheet? A little insight for those starting their first company. What taxes are there? Simple explanations, definitions, tax optimization, an insight into taxes.

]]> A day in Bingen with the real estate expert – On the building site https://lukinski.com/a-day-in-bingen-with-the-real-estate-expert-on-the-building-site/ Sat, 22 Sep 2018 23:14:54 +0000 https://lukinski.de/a-day-in-bingen-with-the-real-estate-expert-on-the-building-site/ Morning, 10 o’clock in Bingen on the Rhine. Today I visit the real estate expert in his office in Bingen to find out what a day in the real estate world is like. The developer owns numerous properties himself, builds new properties, refurbishes & renovates and offers an extensive customer service, from caretaker service, to craftsmen. So I’m very excited to see what’s in store for me on the day and what tasks await a property expert on a day-to-day basis. My current knowledge about real estate is still limited and therefore I have a long list of questions, which is why I am even more excited about what will tell me today about the profession of property developers and the business.

What does a property developer do anyway? – Tasks of a real estate expert

He explains to me that a property developer offers complete packages for his customers, so to speak. That means he buys land and builds on it at his own risk, not only houses, but also condominiums or apartment buildings, for example. His customers get from him, so ready to move into houses or apartments including the associated land.

Planning of construction projects

The developer himself takes over the entire planning of the construction project. He commissions construction companies, craftsmen, etc., coordinates the tasks and manages the construction. He is responsible for ensuring that everything goes smoothly and that budgets and schedules are adhered to.

For the buyer, this means that he does not have to deal with authorities or construction companies. The property and the land ownership are only transferred to the customer when he has satisfied himself during the acceptance of the property that everything has been carried out free of defects and in accordance with the contract.

The developer is therefore the builder up to this point and in this capacity obtains all permits and supervises the construction.

Property developers are very free in their real estate offer and they can decide for themselves whether they commit themselves to a certain type of house or apartment or whether they show a large offer. Property developers can acquire large plots of land from the municipality and build new housing developments with various residential concepts, but they can also build on smaller plots of land with adapted houses at the individual request of the customer.

Example: Capital investment (ETW) in Bingen

You are looking for an attractive capital investment in the Rhine-Main region. Welcome to Bingen on the Rhine! Take advantage of the current interest rate situation and invest now in the Rhine-Main region. In a central location with a fantastic view of the Rhine and the Rheingau, 25 modern and bright condominiums will be built in the usual high quality.

From the cosy two-room apartment with approx. 66 m² of living space to the spacious four-room apartment with approx. 152 m² of living space, this exclusive residential domicile offers the right property for every situation in life. The immediate proximity to the river as well as to several parks and local recreation areas, combined with excellent transport links, make the Rheintal Terraces so unique.

A visit to construction site #2 in Bingen

The real estate expert leads me through the shell – A new object of the expert is just under construction. In the middle of the center of Bingen he builds a party house with 20 apartments. From the outside the house already looks really good. Small things are missing and the finishing touches, but the building is not finished yet.

Over a gravel path we enter the house and already here the construction noise drones towards us. In the house itself, it looks not yet as finished as from the outside. Partially already tiled floor, otherwise raw walls, floors & stairs.

We walked through the half-finished staircase to the 2nd floor of the house, here we also met construction workers who were laying parquet flooring in the living room. He explained to me that as a developer he visits the building sites almost daily to check on the progress and to supervise the construction. The workmen greet him, many of them old acquaintances who have built many houses with him, he explains. The roof terrace of the apartment we are standing in is breathtaking, balconies out on both sides, floor-to-ceiling windows, and the beautiful view of the Rhine, the vineyards and the city not to forget.

Although we are standing in the middle of a construction site, there is a homely feeling and you would like to move in yourself. The real estate expert explains to me that it takes about one and a half years until such a project is completed.

“Every time it makes me happy all over again to see a completed property and the faces of the happy new tenants”

…according to the expert. Next we go to one of his new projects. When we arrived, I had to laugh, because we were standing in front of a big hole in the middle of two houses. Here, a house was recently demolished and now the hole for the new foundation was dug. Here, too, the excavator driver greeted us directly with a big grin on his face. He, too, has often worked for the expert. We briefly discuss some details with the excavator driver, while I walk back and forth in the pit. Hardly imaginable that on this piece, on which now only much dust & stones lie once a house should stand.

Work in the office: sales and construction coordination

That happens behind the scenes with the real estate expert – Last on this day the way leads us to the office of the real estate expert. This is located directly in Bingen on the Rhine, we drove up and at first I thought we were at the wrong address, because we were standing in front of a winery.

The expert explained to me that this winery once belonged to his grandfather and that now his uncle ran it after a small tour of the wine cellars I was already very impressed. A true family business. Right next to the winery you can find the office of the real estate expert in an idyllic atmosphere. Large windows reveal a view directly onto the Rhine, the vineyards and of course Bingen. Three other employees also work in the company. They greet me warmly at the door. The employees assist with daily tasks, manage sales and construction coordination. Another employee also works in the administration. There is a friendly atmosphere, small jokes are made and then get back to work.

The office, very invitingly designed, on the meeting table are plans of various houses and sketches of meetings. The real estate expert also has a story to tell about this house, because the house in which it is located belonged to his grandmother. He took over the house and moved into the premises.

Company foundation: From 0 to property developer

When the company was founded, he worked from his living room. First the first employee came, then the second and at some point there was no more room to live there and he decided to make his apartment his office. That’s how a simple apartment and a dream turned into a successful company. I am thrilled by the positive atmosphere and the cooperation of the employees, you can see at first glance that great work is being done here.

My day with the real estate expert ends and I get a bottle of wine from the family winery to take with me on my way.

My conclusion – the real estate expert leads a great and innovative company, which has a lot of potential to grow. The projects that he realizes in Bingen and the surrounding area, which are under the slogan ‘ … we make Bingen more beautiful!′, are fully justified. The small town directly on the Rhine is given a very special charm by the properties of the developer.

Capital investment (ETW) in the Rhine-Main area

Few locations in Germany carry as much potential as the Rhine-Main region. The financial sector in Frankfurt am Main, picturesque landscapes in the Rhine Valley, unique real estate between the banks and rugged cliffs. In no other region of Germany, does Germany look so “German”. Pure romance between vineyards, castles, palaces. The Rhine-Main region is a magnet for tourism, characterized by a strong economy around the metropolitan region of Frankfurt am Main / Mainz / Wiesbaden. Capital investment in the metropolitan region around Frankfurt or a few minutes away in the Rhine and Main valley? An insight:

Capital investment in Bingen

As reported above, here you will find everything from the cozy two-room apartment with about 66 m² of living space to the spacious four-room apartment with about 152 m² of living space, in an exclusive residential domicile. The immediate proximity to the river as well as to several parks and local recreation areas, combined with excellent transport links, make the Rheintal Terraces so unique.

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